This article presents a waveguide embedded system (WES) based on optical printed circuit board technology for AI and HPC data centers, intended to address challenges in co-packaged optics (CPO) integration. Optical modules are the core components for the conversion of optical signals to electrical signals in optical communication systems. On the. Optical PCIe and Optical PCBs (oPCBs) are addressing this bottleneck, with the PCIe 7. 0 Specification natively integrating optical support and doubling speeds to 128 GT/s per lane. Optical interconnects realized in oPCBs offer ~10x lower channel loss, 5x higher lane density, and 10x higher. As transmission speeds move from 56G PAM4 to 112G PAM4 and beyond, PCB technology has become one of the most critical factors determining optical module performance, reliability, and thermal stability. For manufacturers and network equipment providers, choosing the right high-speed PCB solution is. Optical PCBs [^1] integrate light-based data transmission with electrical circuits using polymer waveguides and photonic chips, enabling 400Gbps+ speeds for 5G networks and AI servers while reducing power consumption by 40% compared to conventional boards.
