Optical Modulation Amplitude (OMA) is the difference between the maximum and minimum optical power levels in a modulated optical signal. It is given by where P1 is the optical power level generated when the light source is "on," and P0 is the power. In fiber-optic communication, designers and system engineers confront many performance metrics—optical power, extinction ratio, receiver sensitivity, jitter, etc. It requires an NRZ pattern and is designed to be used with square wave made of consecutive zeros following by. This document describes the basic principles of coherent optical modulation schemes used in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed (DWDM) networks. In this case, it is light, in order to encode the binary information.